A study was conducted at four schools in Denmark in order to investigate how much different types of schoolyard areas were used and whether students were active or passive in those areas.
Using GPS devices and other instruments, the researchers measured the lengths of time the students spent in the different schoolyard areas as well as the degrees of their physical activity.
Figure 1 displays the average amounts of time spent per day in each area for All students and those averages divided into Children (aged 12 and under) and Adolescents (aged 13 and over).
Furthermore, the study revealed differences between the average amounts of time spent in schoolyards by Children and Adolescents.
更に、この研究で、児童と青少年の間の校庭の平均使用時間の差を明らかにした。
In comparison with Adolescents, Children spent more time in all schoolyard areas except for Natural areas.
青少年と比較して、児童は「Natural」エリアを除くすべての校庭区域でより多くの時間を過ごした。
The greater amount of time spent by Children might be explained by the fact that, according to the regulations at all four schools, Children could not leave the schoolyard during lunch time, but Adolescents could when they wanted to.
When looking at the degree of physical activity, researchers discovered differences among the schoolyard areas.
身体活動の程度を見て、研究者らは各校庭エリアの間の違いを発見した。
Students were most active in Grass and Playground areas. On the other hand, students were quite passive in Solid Surface areas, with Adolescents spending only 7% of their time there being physically active.
The findings of this study show the importance of investigating the potential of various environments and features in schoolyards.
この研究結果は、校庭における様々な環境や機能の可能性を調査することの重要性を示している。
To promote students’ health, it is also beneficial to observe how varieties of games Children and Adolescents play affect the length of time spent taking part in physical activity.
(Henriette Bondo Andersen 他 (2015) Objectively Measured Differences in Physical Activity in Five Types of Schoolyard Area を参考に作成)
問題と解答
問1(35問目)
According to the passage, what is the difference between Multi-court and Solid Surface?
(1) Unlike Multi-court, Solid Surface contains artificial grass for younger students to play on.
(2) Unlike Multi-court, Solid Surface does not contain boundaries marked for students’ games.
(3) Unlike Solid Surface, Multi-court has a relatively soft surface made of various materials.
(4) Unlike Solid Surface, Multi-court is not surrounded by anything, which makes it easy to access.
正解:(3)
問2(36問目)
In Figure 1, which of the following do A, B, C, and D refer to?
(1) discuss the benefits of being physically active at school in childhood
(2) give advice to increase the number of physically active adolescents
(3) introduce schools that encourage students to play on grassed areas
(4) show that types of schoolyards affect students’ behavior there
正解:(4)
問4(38問目)
What topic is most likely to follow the last paragraph?
(1) The benefits of studying various school environments for different activities
(2) The connections between types of games and lengths of time being active
(3) The influence of the schoolyard environment on Adolescents’ physical activity
(4) The way schoolyard surfaces affect the time spent doing physical activity
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